Radon Measurement

Abstract

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gaseous element that is ubiquitous in nature and is the largest single contributor to the natural radiation exposure to the general public. Radon decay products, mainly polonium-218 and polonium-214, deliver the majority of radiation dose to the lungs, rather than the radon gas itself. However, because it is easier and less complicated to measure radon gas than it is to measure radon decay products, radon gas concentrations generally serve as a surrogate for the radon decay product concentration. Nonetheless, the technology used in various types of radon detectors is diverse. Many governmental entities, as well as scientific and professional organizations, have provided general guidance for the measurement of radon gas, radon decay products, and radon in water. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) released detailed guidance for member countries to aid in developing radon gas and decay product measurement protocols. This article provides a general overview of radon (and radon progeny) measurement devices, a framework for the selection of devices, procedures to improve the reliability of radon measurements, and guidelines for various radon measurement scenarios.