Abstract
The pollution level of Lake Bafa was investigated by collecting fish samples {Dicentrarchus labrax (sea bass), Liza ramada (mullet) and Anguilla anguilla (eel)}, surface sediment, and core samples. In all these samples, 210Po and 210Pb concentrations were estimated, and total annual dose rates were obtained for each species. Some heavy metal (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe, and Zn) concentration levels were obtained for the fish and a core sample. The sediment mass accumulation rate was found to be 3.27 g·m−2·day−1 (0.119 g·cm−2·y−1) from a core sample. The heavy metal concentrations in the vertical profile of samples from the core were also observed. The measured concentration of Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cr were between the ERL (effects range low) and ERM (effects range median) limits, while Ni concentrations were higher than the ERM limit. The observed concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in fish samples did not exceed the limits in accordance with Turkish Food Regulations. Further, the maximum effective dose equivalent of 210Po in the area was found to be 1.169 µSv·y−1.
Highlights
Wetlands are an important source of global biodiversity and have been threatened by natural and human activities [1]
The excess usage of all metals can have a toxic effect to an organism [3]. 210 Po and 210 Pb are well-known natural radionuclides and are absorbed by plankton in aquatic environments
The distribution of natural radionuclides and certain heavy metals were determined in Lake Bafa via sediment and biota samples
Summary
Wetlands are an important source of global biodiversity and have been threatened by natural and human activities [1]. Lake ecosystems have been contaminated from anthropogenic sources They may contain heavy metals from various sources such as urban garbage, urban fugitive, and automobile exhaust [2]. Several metals such as Zn, Co, and Cu are necessary elements for life; on the other hand, Pb and Cd are toxic to a great variety of habitats. 210 Po and 210 Pb are well-known natural radionuclides and are absorbed by plankton in aquatic environments These radionuclides are accumulated by marine organisms and transferred to people with ingested food [4]. The activities of these two elements may be increased by industrial waste and human activities
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