Abstract

The goal of this work is use a green chemistry route to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) that do not trigger oxidative stress, typical of metallic, oxide metallic and carbonaceous nanostructures, and supply the same beneficial effects as selenium nanostructures. SeNPs were synthesized using a radiolytic method involving irradiating a solution containing sodium selenite (Se4+) as the precursor in 1% Yeast extract, 2% Peptone, 2% Glucose (YPG) liquid medium with gamma-rays (60Cobalt). The method did not employ any hazardous reducing agents. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were incubated with 1mM SeNPs for 24h and/or then challenged with 400Gy of ionizing radiation were assessed for viability and biomarkers of oxidative stress: lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, free radical generation, and total sulfhydryl content. Spherical SeNPs with variable diameters (from 100 to 200nm) were formed after reactions of sodium selenite with hydrated electrons (eaq-) and hydrogen radicals (H·). Subsequent structural characterizations indicated an amorphous structure composed of elemental selenium (Se0). Compared to 1mM selenite, SeNPs were considered safe and less toxic to Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells as did not elicit significant modifications in cell viability or oxidative stress parameters except for increased protein carbonylation. Furthermore, SeNPs treatment afforded some protection against ionizing radiation exposure. SeNPs produced using green chemistry attenuated the reactive oxygen species generation after in vitro ionizing radiation exposure opens up tremendous possibilities for radiosensitizer development.

Highlights

  • The use of nanoparticles and nanomaterials has increased vertiginously due to their applicability in different domains, including agriculture, business, food, clothing, cosmetics, and medicine

  • We recorded UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy to evaluate the optical properties of the synthesized material

  • We evaluated the influence of the synthesized SeNPs on S. cerevisiae cell colony formation after 24 h of treatment with SeNPs, selenite, or control solutions

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Summary

Introduction

The use of nanoparticles and nanomaterials has increased vertiginously due to their applicability in different domains, including agriculture, business, food, clothing, cosmetics, and medicine. Concerning medical uses, nanoparticles are employed as therapeutic or diagnostic agents for various pathologies This field is known as "nanomedicine" and has been associated with significant benefits (Foulkes et al, 2020). P-phenylenebis (methylene) selenocyanate and triphenylselenonium chloride have chemopreventive properties, Ebselen is an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent, (Nogueira et al, 2004) and selenazofurin and 7-methyl-8-selenoguanosine exhibit antiviral activity (De Clercq, 2016). In addition to these characteristics, selenium compounds have been reported to elicit antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antifungal, antiparasitic, and neuroprotective effects (Bodnar et al, 2012)

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