Abstract
Medical financial hardship is a well-documented issue in the United States, with 56% of adult Americans reporting financial hardship between 2015 and 2017 [1]. Financial hardship consists of three domains—material conditions from increased out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) (eg, medical debt), psychological responses (eg, financial worry), and coping behaviors (eg, forgoing care because of cost)—and is associated with decreased quality of life and survival [2].
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