Radiological options after partial nephrectomy

Abstract

BackgroundPartial nephrectomy has become the standard of care in patients with small renal neoplasms. However, the procedure is associated with some typical complications that require a minimally invasive treatment.AimsThe diagnosis and interventional treatment of complications seen after partial nephrectomy are elucidated.Materials and methodsCurrent guidelines were reviewed, including a literature search in PubMed and our own literature database.ResultsMost commonly performed procedures include fluid or abscess drainage, treatment of urinary leakage, and bleeding embolization. Imaging is indispensable to diagnose and evaluate the extent of postoperative complications. Ultrasound- or computed tomography-guided drainage procedures are effective in the treatment of postoperative fluid collection or abscesses. In patients with urinary leakage, urinary diversion via percutaneous nephrostomy or ureteral stent placement is effective in many cases. In case of persistent leakage, embolic materials can be used to seal the leakage. In patients with postoperative bleeding, selective embolization has high success rates with minimal loss of renal parenchyma.ConclusionInterventional radiology offers quick, safe, and effective minimally invasive treatments for complications after partial nephrectomy.