Abstract
A radioimmunoassay for human α1-fetoprotein (AFP) has been developed. Serum AFP level was measured in 136 healthy adults, the mean value±sd being 3.8±1.3 ng/ml of serum. 34 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinomas all had abnormal serum AFP concentrations, values in 5 of them (14%) being lower than 500 ng/ml. 4 of 19 patients with liver metastasis and 39 of 118 patients with nonneoplastic liver diseases had AFP concentrations scattered between the upper limit of normal (7.7 ng/ml) and 500 ng/ml. Thus, a moderately elevated serum AFP level cannot be granted for the diagnosis of malignant hepatoma. Although a transitory rise of AFP concentration was observed in a patient with hemochromatosis and no detectable liver tumor, serum AFP level was found stable with time. Sensitive radioimmunoassays for AFP may prove useful for the follow-up of patients with nonneoplastic liver diseases and a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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