Radioimmunoassay measurements of nuclear dihydrotestosterone in rat prostate. Relationship to androgen receptors and androgen-regulated responses.

Abstract

The concentration of dihydrotestosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay in nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from rat ventral prostates. In the regenerating prostates of castrated rats treated with dihydrotestosterone for 4 days, the nuclear concentration of this steroid increased from approx. 70nM to 800nM as a linear function of the injected dose, whereas the cytoplasmic concentration remained relatively constant (70-130nM). Isotope-exchange measurements of nuclear androgen receptors by using [3H]methyltrienolone indicated that, although the concentration of nuclear dihydrotestosterone was several-fold higher than the concentration of androgen receptors, they were logarithmically related. The recruitment of prostatic cells into the growth fraction and the stimulation of 5 alpha-reductase activity were more directly correlated to the nuclear concentration of androgen receptors than to the total nuclear concentration of dihydrotestosterone. Maximal restoration of a specific isoenzyme of acid phosphatase ws achieved when approx. 2000 androgen receptors were present in the prostatic nuclei; higher concentrations of nuclear androgen receptors were associated with decreased amounts of this enzyme. Hence the results imply, first, that the total amount of dihydrotestosterone accumulated by nuclei is not a direct consequence of carrier-mediated transport by androgen receptors, and, secondly, that, whereas acid phosphatase may be differentially controlled by androgens in the regenerating prostate, increases in the amount of cell proliferation and 5 alpha-reductase activity directly parallel increases in the nuclear concentration of androgen receptors.