Radiographic study of dental anomalies in brazilian patients with neuropsychomotor disorders

Erick Nelo Pedreira,Luís Antônio De Assis Taveira,Cláudio Froes De Freitas,Camila Lopes Cardoso,Marina Cury Gallotini Magalhães

doi:10.1590/s1678-77572007000600013

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to investigate radiographically the dental and maxillomandibular in patients with neuropsychomotor disorders and determine the role of panoramic radiographs for quantitative and qualitative analyses of dental alterations. A total of 322 panoramic radiographs from 190 males and 132 females aged 4 to 57 years were obtained from the files of the Center for Care to Patients with Special Needs (CAPE; Dental School, University of São Paulo) and subdivided into syndromes, special needs, neurological, neuromuscular or cerebral disorders, and sequels of diseases. 32% of dental alterations were in tooth position, with 69% of this group associated with tooth rotation. The mandible accounted for 54.62% of alterations. The male gender (55.85%) and the permanent dentition (78.7%) were most affected. Panoramic radiographs were proved to be well suited for quantitative evaluation of dental anomalies of epidemiological nature. Panoramic radiographs are important diagnostic resources when applied to patients with special needs because of the difficulty to place intraoral films and held them correctly positioned during the radiographic technique.

Highlights

Several different extraoral radiographic techniques have been developed for establishment of diagnostic hypotheses with well established technical principles and precise indications, which have been complemented with recent methods of imaging diagnosis[11].The advantages of extraoral techniques are related to its simple operation and handling
The panoramic radiographs belong to the files of the Center for Care to Patients with Special Needs (CAPE, Dental School, University of São Paulo) and were taken for diagnostic and treatment purposes
The results revealed a higher frequency of dental alterations in the mandible (54.62%) and in the male gender (55.85%)

Summary

Introduction

Several different extraoral radiographic techniques have been developed for establishment of diagnostic hypotheses with well established technical principles and precise indications, which have been complemented with recent methods of imaging diagnosis[11].The advantages of extraoral techniques are related to its simple operation and handling. The fact that the film is not introduced into the patient’s mouth is an advantage to avoid the occurrence of gagging and improve the operation in patients with special needs, including significant reduction in the radiation dosage[16]. Et al.[8] emphasized the importance of radiographic examination in patients with special needs to investigate the tooth eruption pattern, root formation and development, topographic relationship of the roots with the maxillary sinus, analysis of the temporomandibular joint and identification of dental anomalies. A previous study[5] evaluated 2,379 panoramic radiographs of patients with special needs, including 1,500 males and 879 females aged 2 to 12 years. Another study[2] analyzed 702 panoramic radiographs of children (328 males and 374 females) and observed anodontia in 8% of the sample. The mandibular second premolar and the lateral incisor were the most commonly missing teeth

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion