Radioaktive Indikatormethode in der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik

Abstract

AbstractThe radioactive tracer method in the chemical industry. In the chemical industry the radioactive tracer method has become a method of analysis with a variety of applications, which range from determining traces of biologically active substances to process analysis in production plants. Process analysis, for instance the determination of residence‐time distributions or of intermingling of streams of different substances, can be carried out under widely varying operating conditions. If the streams of material are labelled with gamma‐ray emitters the distribution of the tracers can be determined by means of detectors outside the plant. To demonstrate the possible applications of the method to process analysis, measurements in three different plants are described. Exhaust gases were labelled with Ar‐41 to determine the residence‐time distribution in plant for the combustion of waste residues consisting of a rotary tube furnace, an afterburn chamber, and a waste‐heat boiler. The waste water entering the activation tank of sewage‐treatment plant was labelled with Na‐24 to determine its residence‐time distribution. Individual particles labelled with Mn‐56 were used to investigate mixing of the powder in the stirred‐bed reactor of a polypropylene plant. The knowledge gained from these measurements has contributed to optimization of existing and planned plant.