Abstract

We review the current state-of-affairs in radio observations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) from a Space Weather perspective. In particular, we examine the role of radio observations in predicting or presaging an eruption, in capturing the formation stages of the CME, and in following the CME evolution in the corona and heliosphere. We then look to the future and identify capabilities and research areas where radio observations---particularly, spectropolarimetric imaging---offer unique advantages for Space Weather research on CMEs. We close with a discussion of open issues and possible strategies for enhancing the relevance and importance of radio astronomy for Space Weather science.

Highlights

  • The modulation of the near-Earth space environment by solar activity, over short time scales, is known as Space Weather (SpWx)

  • We review the current state-of-affairs in radio observations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) from a Space Weather perspective

  • While we understand that CMEs are driven by the explosive release of magnetic energy through generally identified physical mechanisms that result in the release of a magnetic flux rope (MFR) (Chen, 2011), the details of how magnetic systems destabilize and erupt escape us

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

The modulation of the near-Earth space environment by solar activity, over short time scales (days or less), is known as Space Weather (SpWx). The causes of IRBs are currently unknown, they may or may not occur with other eruptive activity, and their terrestrial impacts can be severe. They are discussed in more detail in Gary (2020). Their extreme nature aside, IRBs show that radio observations have an important role in both SpWx research and operations. As the first paper within the Space Weather section, we take a more broad view of radio CMEs and the role of radio observations in the SpWx enterprise. We close with a discussion of considerations and strategies for maximizing the SpWx potential of radio observations in the coming decade

RADIO AND CMES
Before the Eruption
Precursors
Predictors
During the Eruption
After the Eruption
OUTLOOK
Future Radio Instrumentation Relevant to CME SpWx Studies
An Assessment of Radio CME
Findings
Considerations for Moving Forward
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