Abstract
We review the most important physical processes in the atmospheres of (non-compact) stars that can be studied fruitfully with observations in the radio continuum. The emission mechanisms are free-free and gyrosynchrotron radiation, (inverse) Compton scattering and various kinds of plasma radiation. We briefly consider the free-free emission in stellar winds where observations of time variations are important for the study of instabilities and relaxation oscillations. The main part of the paper concerns magnetic activity and in particular stellar flares. Mostly from a theoretical point of view we consider the problems of the density of the flare plasma, the flare energy, dMe flare stars, detached (RS CVn stars) and semi-detached (Algols) close binaries, the role of duplicity, magnetic interactions and mass transfer, T Tauri stars, particle acceleration in shocks and in the unipolar inductor. Finally we review the various kinds of plasma radiation and point out the importance of establishing the brightness temperature of flares with VLBI and of observing the nature and degree of polarization to find out the flare plasma physics.
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