Abstract
Radio antennas use different frequency bands of Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum for switching signals in the forms of radio waves. Regulatory authorities issue a unique number (unique identifying call sign) to each radio center, that must be used in all transmissions. Each radio center propagates channels to the two nearer radio centers so they must use distinctive numbers to avoid interruption. The task of effectively apportioning channels to transmitters is known as the Channel Assignment (CA) problem. CA Problem is discussed under the topic of graph coloring by mathematicians. The radio number of a graph can be used in many parts of the field communication. In this paper, we determined the radio number of zero-divisor graphs Γ(Zp2×Zq2) for p,q prime numbers.
Highlights
The antennas propagate electromagnetic waves which have different frequencies
We investigate the lower bound of radio number for zero-divisor graphs
Since we have found the radio number of zero divisor graph for a class of commutative ring
Summary
The antennas propagate electromagnetic waves which have different frequencies. These waves are known as Radio waves. A specific signal can be accessed by tuning the radio receiver to a particular frequency. Every radio station must be assigned distinct channels, located within a certain proximity of one another. The two radio stations are closer to each other, and their assigned channels must have a greater difference. Radio stations in the past have been used as a great source of communication but gradually the target audience is lowering. In countries where access to the web is restricted and the education rate is very low, radio broadcasts are still useful. Numbers stations are shortwave radio broadcasts that are accepted to be routed to insight officials working in outside countries.
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