Abstract
Radio frequency superconducting quantum interference devices (rf SQUIDs) made of conventional superconductors had been very popular some fifteen to thirty years ago. Later on, they had been replaced by dc SQUIDs, which then offered higher sensitivity. However, the operation of rf SQUIDs at microwave bias frequencies has greatly improved their sensitivity, so that now rf SQUIDs can be fabricated which are comparable to the best dc SQUIDs in terms of field sensitivity, as well as energy resolution. The discovery of high temperature superconductors (HTS) has further increased interest in rf SQUIDs, mainly because the inductance of rf SQUIDs and thus their loop area, can be made much larger than that of dc SQUIDs before a significant reduction in signal voltage is observed. Today, rf SQUIDs are again used in numerous applications, such as biomagnetism, geophysical measurements and nondestructive evaluation.
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