Abstract

In telecommunications and signal processing, information is transferred on a radio carrier wave by either modulating the amplitude or the frequency of a radio carrier wave. Radio waves have frequencies between 20 kHz and 300 GHz, corresponding to wavelengths of 15 km to 1 mm, and travel at the speed of light. Radio waves with frequencies above 300 MHz are termed microwaves. For Radio Frequency (RF) communication with amplitude modulation (AM), the transmission amplitude is proportional to the signal amplitude, and the transmission frequency is constant (see Figure 15-1). Conversely, for frequency modulation (FM), the amplitude of the transmitted signal is constant, and the transmission frequency is proportional to the signal amplitude. AM is used for communication between two-way radios, citizens band radios, and VHF (very-high-frequency) aircraft radios. FM is used in telemetry and radio broadcasting of music, as FM has a higher signal-to-noise ratio than AM at the same transmission power.

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