Radio contrast dye induced anaphylactoid reaction : A case report

Abstract

Any medication used for diagnosis, prophylaxis or treatment of the patient is capable of producing an adverse reaction. Allergy is the most common unexpected adverse reaction; encountered with antibiotics, salicylates, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors and radio-contrast materials. Combination of Diatrizoate Meglumine and Diatrizoate Sodium is the iodinated contrast media; widely used as contrast enhancing agent in various radiological procedures. Hypersensitivity and thromboembolic events are the most commonly encountered adverse reactions of this media. Anaphylactoid reaction is the serious medical emergency with rapid development of symptoms within 5-30 minutes ranging from urticaria, dizziness, bronchospasm up to hypovolemic shock. It is caused by allergens which directly lead degranulation of mast cells and basophils without Immunoglobulin-E involvement. Here, we report a case of anaphylactoid reaction induced by iodinated radio-contrast dye Diatrizoate Meglumine and Diatrizoate Sodium in a 50 years old female patient. Rigorous treatment with epinephrine, corticosteroids and antihistaminics helped in recovery of the patient. The case is being reported to bring attention of the medical fraternity towards importance of sound pharmaco-vigilance and prepare them to with efficient preventive measures before administration of drugs. This case can also provide a vital data regarding adverse drug reaction reporting.