Abstract
K+-Na+ ion-exchanged channel waveguide amplifiers have been fabricated in Er3+/Yb3+ codoped acid-resistant aluminum germanate (NMAG) glasses. The Judd-Ofelt parameters indicate high asymmetry and strong covalent environment in the glass substrates. The optical gain and the relative gain (the signal enhancement) of a 2.5 cm long waveguide amplifier were measured to be 9.10 and 8.16 dB, respectively, and after compensating both the propagation loss and the absorption loss, a maximum internal gain of ~2.0 dB at 1.534 μm was obtained, which reveals the successful employment of the thermal ion-exchange technology on the low phonon energy glasses. Based on this work, ion-exchanged Pr3+, Tm3+, and Ho3+ doped NMAG glass waveguides will bring surprises in developing O-, S- and U-band waveguide amplifiers, infrared UV-writing grating waveguide lasers, and compact integrated optical devices.
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