Abstract
We present a numerical method for solving electromagnetic scattering by dense discrete random media entitled radiative transfer with reciprocal transactions (R2T2). The R2T2 is a combination of the Monte Carlo radiative-transfer, coherent-backscattering, and superposition T-matrix methods. The applicability of the radiative transfer is extended to dense random media by incorporating incoherent volume elements containing multiple particles. We analyze the R2T2 by comparing the results with the asymptotically exact superposition T-matrix method, and show that the R2T2 removes the caveats of radiative-transfer methods by comparing it to the RT-CB. We study various implementation choices that result in an accurate and efficient numerical algorithm. In particular, we focus on the properties of the incoherent volume elements and their effects on the final solution.
Highlights
Computing light scattering by a large dense multi-particle system with exact numerical methods such as the superposition T-matrix method (STMM) [1,2,3] or the finite-difference timedomain method [4] becomes impossible due to the enormous computational time consumption
We develop a method based on this notion called the radiative transfer with reciprocal transactions (R2T2, see S1 Source Code) [19]
The R2T2 is based on the MC-Radiative transfer (RT), in which the radiative transfer equation (RTE) is solved by integrating the light-scattering paths associated with the ladder diagrams inside the medium
Summary
Computing light scattering by a large dense multi-particle system with exact numerical methods such as the superposition T-matrix method (STMM) [1,2,3] or the finite-difference timedomain method [4] becomes impossible due to the enormous computational time consumption. Approximate methods for light scattering by dense multi-particle systems need to be developed. Radiative transfer (RT) (e.g., see [5]) is an approximate method which works for large sparse systems and is widely used, e.g., in the studies of atmospheric sciences [6] and cosmic dust clouds [7]. The RTE can be derived from the Maxwell equations by incorporating multiple approximations such as the independent single-particle scattering and far-field approximations among others [9]. These approximations oversimplify the system making it inapplicable to dense random media [10]
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