Abstract
Urologists are inevitably exposed to ionizing radiation for the length of their professional career due to medical practices in their field. However, awareness with regard to safe practices and the use of protective gear are frequently inadequate. Several studies have confirmed the potential long-term adverse effects of radiation exposure upon patients and medical personnel. All urologists, therefore, need a thorough understanding of radiation physics, and the adverse effects, safety issues, and protective measures associated with the medical practices. This understanding will serve as a foundation for the optimal utilization of radiation and the safety of patients and medical personnel.
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