Radiation processes for textiles

Abstract

The possibilities of using radiation as a catalyst for chemical reactions on textiles has intrigued researchers in this field for more than fifteen years, but practical applications have been elusive. The use of isotopes for radiation sources in the early part of this period was the primary limitation, but much interesting and useful work was carried out. This information has been expertly reviewed by Gilbert and Stannett (i) and Rutherford (2). The introduction of high intensity electron accelerators in the mid-sixties led to a further increase in interest and one commercial process for permanent press (Deering Milliken's). Another barrier appeared, however, in the lack of chemicals available that were suitable for high rates of polymerization. The research on textile radiation processes in the late sixties and early seventies relied almost completely on the versatile N-methylol acrylamide, which has a high polymerization rate constant, gives gel on polymerization, and has cellulose reactivity through the methylol group.