Abstract
A prior general analysis for spatial coherence in a multipath channel is applied to a case typical of the deep ocean, with the source close to the surface and the receiver near the channel axis. The radial horizontal coherence interval (at the 1/e level of squared magnitude of normalized complex coherence) is found to be 22λ/Hkm, where λ is the wavelength and Hkm is the excess depth of the channel in km. The magnitude of coherence is approximately a Gaussian function of separation. Analytical considerations indicate that this result is a good approximation for a broad class of problems where (1) the profile has a single minimum with a well-developed SOFAR duct and with depth excess, (2) the source is near the surface, and (3) the receiver is well into the duct. Then λ and H are the only important parameters.
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