Abstract
Satellite-borne microwave radiometers — such as the Special Sensor Microwave/ Imagers (SSM/I's) flown aboard polar satellites of the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), and the TRAM Microwave Imager (TMI) on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) space observatory — provide precipitation measurements over regions that are not covered by ground based radars and/or gauge networks. At present, however, intetpretation of such measurements in terms of surface rainfall is only indirect for it requires a priori information on the relationships between upwelling microwave brightness temperatures and the cloud microphysical structure. This paper shows how water content profiles, estimated by ground or satellite radars within their field of view, can be used to improve the cloud-radiation databases utilized by physically-based passive microwave precipitation retrieval techniques making use of cloud model simulations to interpret the radiometric measurements. Applications of this technique to heavy-precipitation events observed during the Mesoscale Alpine Programme will be presented and discussed.
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