Racial and gender disparities in the incidence of bladder cancer: A nationwide analysis.

Abstract

e16623 Background: Several studies have been conducted to examine racial and gender disparities in various common malignancies. However, there remains a notable lack of comprehensive data addressing ethnic and gender disparities, specifically in relation to patients with Bladder cancer. This study sought to evaluate these disparities and their potential impact on the risk of developing bladder cancer. Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample 2020, we identified patients diagnosed with Bladder cancer as their primary condition (local/regional and advanced metastatic).We analyzed disparities in the baseline characteristics, including age, gender, insurance status, income, comorbidities, and the risk associated with Bladder cancer. We utilized a log Binomial regression model to determine the risk ratios after adjusting for any confounding variables. Results: A total of 6,471,165 patients were analyzed, and it was found that 24,400 of them (0.4%) had bladder cancer. Among these patients, 76% were male, and 23% were female, p<0.001.The mean age of patients with and without Bladder cancer was 72(SD +/- 11.39) vs. 49(SD+/- 27.18) years, respectively, p<0.001. Female patients demonstrated a lower risk of developing bladder cancer than males (RR=0.31(0.24-0.27); p<0.001). Compared to white females, white and black males exhibited an increased risk of bladder cancer (RR=3.45(3.20-3.73); p<0.001 and RR=1.71(1.48-1.98); p<0.001, respectively). Hispanic males also showed an increased risk (RR=2.20(1.88-2.58); p<0.001), while Hispanic females demonstrated a decreased risk (RR=0.72(0.56-0.94); p=0.016). Males of other races had a higher risk of bladder cancer (RR=2.95(2.36-3.70); p<0.001), and no significant difference was observed in the risk of bladder cancer in Asian males and females (RR=1.39(0.66-2.92); p=0.384 and RR=0.83(0.34-2.01); p=0.694, respectively). The risk of bladder cancer increased with age (36-45: RR=4.45(2.21-8.96),p<0.001,46-64: RR=10.94(5.67-21.12),p<0.001, >65: RR =21.02(10.87-40.63), p<0.001). Conclusions: Disparities in healthcare access and understanding of specific challenges faced by high-risk groups deeply impact patients with bladder cancer. Gaining a deeper knowledge of these disparities can better support this vulnerable patient population and illuminate effective preventive measures for reducing the incidence of bladder cancer among high-risk demographic segments.