R400 – Effects of Silicone Gel Sheeting on Scar Formation

Abstract

Problem The treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars has long been a concern for facial plastic surgeons. There are a wide variety of over-the-counter products that claim to improve hypertrophic scarring. Post-surgical patients often inquire as to which of these products will give the best cosmetic result. Silicone gel sheeting is reported to provide positive outcomes with respect to a reduction in scar hypertrophy and an improvement in color differences. The exact mechanism is unknown. Micropore (3M) tape, a cheaper and more readily available product, has also been reported to reduce scar hypertrophy. This study will evaluate the differences and effectiveness of silicone gel sheeting and micropore tape in the reduction of scar hypertrophy in an animal model of scarring. Methods Hypertrophic scar formation was induced in an established rabbit model that parallels human skin. Treatment of the animals' scars was divided into 3 study groups: silicone gel sheeting, micropore tape, or no treatment. 80 total scars were treated for 30 days after the complete reepithelialization of the created scars. Both photometric and histologic analysis was performed on the scars. Scar hypertrophy was analyzed with blinded observers using a visual analog scale. Histological analysis was performed using the Scar Elevation Index, a ratio of the scar height over normal skin. Results Both photographic and histological analysis showed there was a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) in scar hypertrophy after use of either silicone gel sheeting and micropore tape when compared with controls. Conclusion Silicone Gel Sheeting and Micropore Tape are equally effective in the reduction of hypertrophic scarring. Significance Facial plastic surgeons should consider covering facial incisions with micropore tape for 30 days after surgery to minimize the risk of hypertrophic scarring.