Abstract
Goal: The paper aims to increase the understanding of the results and challenges that arise when running R&D projects based on multiple partners and the integration of Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts.
 Design / Methodology / Approach: We followed a case study approach in the electricity sector. Two project cases were studied, using triangulated data from interviews, internal documents, and non-participant observations.
 Results: The results of the Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts application in R&D projects show improvements in knowledge absorption, solution improvement through collaborative insights between partners, and identification of short-term opportunities. Some challenges, however, were identified, such as noisy integration, the role of the project manager requiring a sophisticated skillset, and complicated decision-making processes.
 Limitations of the investigation: The conclusions have the inherent limitations of a case study conducted in one industrial sector and two projects led by one company.
 Practical implications: The evolving competitive landscape demands more effective pathways to foster innovation. Recent approaches to innovation have challenged R&D practices. This study discusses a new way of addressing R&D efforts with multiple partners by integrating Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts.
 Originality / Value: The combined and coherent application of concepts derived from Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile in R&D practices in the electricity sector is new. The high volume of R&D activity in the electricity sector makes this in-depth analysis both relevant and valuable.
Highlights
The electricity sector faces three significant changes due to technology improvements and environmental pressures: decentralization, decarbonization, and digitalization (Di Silvestre et al, 2018)
R&D approach based on multiple partners and Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts: case study in the electricity sector with new ways of distributing them
R&D approach based on multiple partners and Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts: case study in the electricity sector the open innovation framework proposed that, beyond the understanding of new and diverse sources of knowledge, companies could spin off their innovations in various forms, such as commercializing with other companies, developing new markets, or even creating new startups
Summary
The electricity sector faces three significant changes due to technology improvements and environmental pressures: decentralization, decarbonization, and digitalization (Di Silvestre et al, 2018). The first, decentralization, is about the opportunities that emerge with new technologies capable of generating energy for local communities (e.g., solar energy) and. R&D approach based on multiple partners and Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Agile concepts: case study in the electricity sector with new ways of distributing them. Established electricity companies find themselves looking for ways to make these changes and remain competitive
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