Quran-based critique of identity forming characteristics in Adler's Theory of individual psychology

Abstract

Alfred Adler is a well-known psychologist in the field of psychology and psychoanalysis. Adler's theory of psychoanalysis is also known as the Psychology of Social Interest and Individual Psychology because of its emphasis on social components and individual differences in personality construction. Adler claims that feelings of inferiority can be a source of human effort to achieve one's goals, while the Holy Quran considers self-confidence to be one of the messages of Islam. Contrary to Adler's theory, supremacy is condemned in the Holy Quran, and paradise is considered to belong to people who prefer ugly behaviors. Contrary to Adler's theory that the end of human life is imaginary and unreal, the Holy Quran introduces the ultimate goal of man as a real and achievable thing. According to Adler, lifestyle is in the service of achieving supremacy in society, while from the perspective of the Holy Quran, the chosen lifestyle should lead to divine closeness. Adler sees creativity as the goal of man's superiority, while according to the Holy Quran, this creativity must serve man to achieve lofty divine goals such as happiness, perfection, and closeness to God. Although from a social point of view it is the only scale that can be used to judge the value of a person, from the Quran's point of view there are other scales, and material issues can never be the key to unity and secure social connection because material matters are always the source of conflict. The demands of the people are unlimited, and material matters are limited, all differences arise from it, however, the rope of God and the relationship with God, which is a spiritual thing, can establish the best emotional relationship between human beings of any race, language, and social group.