Abstract
Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication system that exists widely in the microbiome and is related to cell density. The high-density colony population can generate a sufficient number of small molecule signals, activate a variety of downstream cellular processes including virulence and drug resistance mechanisms, tolerate antibiotics, and harm the host. This article gives a general introduction to the current research status of microbial quorum-sensing systems, focuses on the role of quorum-sensing systems in regulating microbial resistance mechanisms, such as drug efflux pump and microbial biofilm formation regulation, and discusses a new strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria proposed by using quorum quenching to prevent microbial resistance.
Highlights
Quorum sensing (QS) is called density sensing, which controls a variety of physiological behaviors in bacteria
The QS system regulates various cellular processes, which mainly involve the regulation of bacterial luminescence, virulence factors, disinfectants tolerance, spore formation, toxin production, motility, biofilm formation, and drug resistance
Inhibiting bacterial QS has become a new promising antibacterial strategy, which can prevent the development of bacterial resistance, and eliminate the expression of virulence factor genes related to population density
Summary
Quorum sensing (QS) is called density sensing, which controls a variety of physiological behaviors in bacteria. Most antibiotics currently used are designed to directly kill pathogenic bacteria, such as destroying cell membranes and interfering with key protein synthesis [6]. This “life or death” selection pressure promotes the evolution of microbial resistance, and the large-scale use of antibiotics has brought serious microbial resistance issues. Most antibacterial compounds target the necessary bacterial physiological processes, thereby exerting strong selection pressure on bacteria and promoting the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains [13]. Inhibiting bacterial QS has become a new promising antibacterial strategy, which can prevent the development of bacterial resistance, and eliminate the expression of virulence factor genes related to population density
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