Quistes pancreáticos: valor agregado de EUS-FNA sobre EUS y RMI. Experiencia de un hospital universitario de alta complejidad

Abstract

Background. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are valuable tools in the assessment of cystic pancreatic lesions (CPLs). However, preoperative diagnosis of CPLs still remains a challenge. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) provides a method to obtain cyst fluid for analysis to gain additional information. Aim. Compare the concordance between the diagnosis of the cyst by FNA, with that obtained by two diagnostic imaging methods (EUS morphology and MRI). Evaluate if EUS-FNA offered any benefit in cases of inconclusive MRI. Material and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database at a tertiary-care academic medical center between January 2015 and December 2018. All patients who were referred for EUS were reviewed, and patients with diagnosis of pancreatic cysts were included. Imaging, pancreatic cyst fluid (PCF) and follow-up were analyzed. Results. A total of 2238 EUS were performed during the study period and 319 of them had a final diagnosis of pancreatic cyst. FNA was performed on 139 cysts: 62 were diagnosed as mucinous by PCF. The agreement between the diagnosis of the cyst by FNA, with that obtained by EUS morphology was 89.2% (Kappa 0.78, p < 0.001). The concordance between the diagnosis of the cyst by FNA and that obtained by MRI was 72.66 (Kappa 0.41, p < 0.001). From the 319 patients with pancreatic cysts, 60 (18.8%) had inconclusive results on MRI and EUS morphology was able to make a diagnosis in 31 of them. When we analyzed the 139 punctured cysts, MRI was indeterminate in 40 patients and FNA diagnosed 36 of the 40 patients (90%). Discussion. In our study, EUS +/- FNA was superior to MRI specially in cases of inconclusive MRI.