Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is considered to be one of the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis globally, especially in young children. The genome of C. jejuni contains many proteins with unknown functions termed as hypothetical proteins (HPs). These proteins might have essential biological role to show the full spectrum of this bacterium. Hence, our study aimed to determine the functions of HPs, pertaining to the genome of C. jejuni. An in-silico work flow integrating various tools were performed for functional assignment, three-dimensional structure determination, domain architecture predictors, subcellular localization, physicochemical characterization, and protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Sequences of 267 HPs of C. jejuni were analyzed and successfully attributed the function of 49 HPs with higher confidence. Here, we found proteins with enzymatic activity, transporters, binding and regulatory proteins as well as proteins with biotechnological interest. Assessment of the performance of various tools used in this analysis revealed an accuracy of 95% using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional and structural predictions and the results from ROC analyses provided the validity of in-silico tools used in the present study. The approach used for this analysis leads us to assign the function of unknown proteins and relate them with the functions that have already been described in previous literature.
Highlights
Campylobacter is the genus that comprises a diverse group of non-spore forming rod-like or spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacteria [1]
With the ongoing developments of DNA sequencing technologies called high throughput sequencing techniques has enabled a substantial number of bacterial genome sequencing
The present study focused on the annotation of hypothetical protein (HP) from C. jejuni using assorted but effective bioinformatics tools
Summary
Campylobacter is the genus that comprises a diverse group of non-spore forming rod-like or spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacteria [1]. Infections with Campylobacter are common in children under 2 years of age and found to be associated with increased incidence of diarrheal diseases as well as mortality [1,2]. Campylobacter is the cause of diarrhea during early years of adulthood [3]. Campylobacter infections are mostly acquired through consumption of contaminated water and food in resource-poor environment [4]. Acute gastroenteritis and food poisoning can be induced by C. jejuni in infected patients. C. jejuni infection causes gastroenteritis without any complication but acute infection may results in abdominal cramps, fever or other ailments like Guillain–Barresyndrome or Miller Fisher syndrome [5]. Recent studies showed an association of Campylobacter infections with malnutrition, a condition highly prevalent in developing countries [2]
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