Quercetin Content in Field-Cured Onions (Allium cepa L.): Effects of Cultivar, Lifting Time, and Nitrogen Fertilizer Level

Abstract

Variation in quercetin content was investigated in field-cured onions (Allium cepa L.) that had been supplied with different nitrogen fertilizer levels and lifted at different developmental stages. Quercetin content varied significantly between years and was well correlated to global radiation in August. Field curing generally resulted in significant increases in quercetin content compared to levels at lifting. Nitrogen fertilizer level did not affect quercetin content, suggesting that nitrogen leakage from soil may be minimized without effects on flavonol content. Lifting time had minor effects on quercetin content in field-cured onions. Cultivar differences in quercetin content were significant but not consistent in all years. Quercetin content increased significantly less in dark environments compared to field curing, but some quercetin synthesis occurred regardless of light. Field curing with or without foliage still attached did not affect quercetin content, suggesting that no transportation from the foliage to the scales occurred.