Abstract
UiO-66-Sal as modified form of UiO-66-NH2 was prepared by post-synthesis procedure and functionalized by dimethyl dodecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ammonium chloride (DMDAC) as the quaternium agent prepared by the reaction between (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane and N, N -dimethyl dodecyl amine. The sample was characterized by BET, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, TEM, and TGA/DTA equipments and applied as the adsorbent for nitrate removal from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were carried out in different conditions to study adsorption efficiency and rate of nitrate removal. The quaternized UiO-66-Sal demonstrated high efficiency and fast rate for nitrate removal. Maximum efficiency using 1 g/l of the adsorbent was 96% in neutral pH after 60 min. Based on the results of characterization techniques, it was found high amount of loading quaternium agent on the surface of UiO-66-Sal as the efficient factor for nitrate removal and also the synergetic effects between the modified MOF and quaternized agent. It was found that anion exchange through quaternized ammonium agent as non-specific adsorption and inner-sphere complexation in aqueous solution as specific adsorption were two mechanisms of nitrate uptake in quaternized UiO-66-Sal. It was also observed that the anion with the lower hydration energy exhibits more adsorption during the competition with the nitrate anion.
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