Quasi-Static Punch Shear Responses of Glass/Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Pinecone upon Immersion in Acidic and Basic Solutions

Abstract

Nowadays, vehicles that are equivalent to fossil fuel vehicles and operate with more environmentally friendly approaches are becoming popular in the automotive industry. Electric vehicles (EV), which is one of these approaches, have very common usage areas in this field. Driving stability and safety are also of great importance in these widely used vehicles. In this sense, torque vectoring (TV) appears as the most modern approach. TV control systems provide the distribution of torque to the wheels by the effect of the yaw moment. The application of torque vectoring in vehicles reduces power losses in the motor driver and the vehicle’s power consumption. Using efficient torque vectoring algorithms for electric vehicles, this research describes existing and emerging vehicle technology related to yaw moment management and traction control. The article provides the llocation of wheel torques for a two-wheel drive all electric vehicle with individually controlled engines. Lateral dynamics and moment dynamics were used in the construction of this torque allocation. In addition, the lateral velocity and yaw rate of the vehicle related to the specified inputs were calculated from the nonlinear front wheel drive vehicle model which design by MATLAB. The reference yaw rate and the yaw rate, which is the output of the system, were compared and the error was given to the PID controller as an input. Torque producer of the system is a hub motor, which is popular in electric vehicles and simple to control. While increasing the control on this vehicle, the designed torque vectoring system also increased the stability and driving performance during turning.