Quasi-static buckling and first-ply failure loads of shear web reinforced glass-fabric composite wind blades

Abstract

A procedure is proposed to analyze the structural failure of a composite wind blade subjected to quasi-static loads. The structural failure of a wind blade under extreme wind loads which can be treated as quasi-static loads is an important issue to be tackled when assessing the reliability of a wind turbine. In the proposed structural failure analysis procedure, the geometrically nonlinear finite element (FE) method together with several phenomenological failure criteria is used to investigate the possible failure modes such as incipient buckling, interfacial debonding, and first-ply failure of the blade via an incremental loading approach. The failure loads and locations associated with the possible failure modes for a number of small wind blades with different structural configurations are determined to study the appropriateness of the failure criteria. Static tests of several small glass-fabric composite wind blades were conducted to validate the suitability of the proposed procedure. It has been shown that the experimentally and theoretically predicted failure processes of the wind blades are in good agreement. The applications of the proposed procedure are demonstrated by means of a numerical example in which the failure process of a wind blade under quasi-static wind loads is simulated.