Abstract
This paper is devoted to analyzing the efficiency of the fundamental and the first higher modes excitation in a hemispherical open resonator (OR) by various waveguide waves, by means of a functional used in the antenna engineering for determining the surface utilization coefficient. It has been proven that, with the geometry of the coupling element being chosen to satisfy the condition of the maximum efficiency of the lowest mode excitation, the excitation efficiency of the first higher modes is zero. The suggested solution is a hemispherical OR having a segment of a circular superdimensional waveguide situated in the middle of the OR's plane mirror. This resonator, even by the slot powering within the tuning range of about 10 GHz, maintains only one mode, which is crucial for the dielectrometry.
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