Quasi-Fulleranes and Fulleranes as Main Products of Fullerenizasion of Molecules of Benzene, Toluene and Pyridine

Abstract

Intensive 25 year attempts of researchers with use of superhigh pressures and temperatures to receive maximum saturated by hydrogen fullerane (С60Н60) by means of heterophases reactions of hydrogenation of fullerite (or fullerene) have appeared completely unsuccessful. This fact from the chemical point of view was quite predicted: in heterophase reactions limiting always is the stage of diffusion of one of reagents (in particular, hydrogen) through a layer of the resultant product (in particular, fullerane) therefore the particle of a final product (fullerane) is always non-uniform on composition. Moreover, defullerenization of molecules С60 and С60Нх at temperatures higher 400 °C is observed as at hydrogenation of first, and dehydrogenation of second. Herein is described a new (author method) method of pyrolysis as process of fullerenization (transformation of organic molecules in the closed molecules of carbon and their hydrides) of molecules of benzene, toluene and pyridine, which has allowed to obtain simultaneously and carbon molecules, and them hydrides. Еquiatomic composition fullerane С60Н60, quasi-fulleranes (CnHn-6–CnHn−2 (n = 20–46)) and quasi-fullerenes (C48, C40, C42) as well as small carbon molecules (C3–C11) are detected only in mass spectra of products of fullerenization of organic molecules. In products of fullerenization of pyridine molecules (C5H5N) are detected new heteroatomic molecules such as hydrogenated and hydroxylated azafullerenes (С35N5)H9, (С45N5)(ОН)3Н14 and (С49N11)(ОН)5Н18 as well as homoatomic molecules С60, С48 and С3–С18. This method allows obtain fulleranes and quasi-fulleranes in gramme quantities.