Abstract

The quark-hadron crossover conjecture was proposed as a continuity between hadronic matter and quark matter with no phase transition. It is based on matching of symmetry and excitations in both the phases. It connects hyperon matter and color-flavor locked (CFL) phase of color superconductivity in the limit of light strange quark mass. We study generalization of this conjecture in the presence of topological vortices. We propose a picture where hadronic superfluid vortices in hyperon matter could be connected to non-Abelian vortices (color magnetic flux tubes) in the CFL phase during this crossover. We propose that three hadronic superfluid vortices must join together to three non-Abelian vortices with different color fluxes with the total color magnetic fluxes canceled out, where the junction is called a colorful boojum.

Highlights

  • At asymptotically high densities, QCD becomes asymptotically free where the existence color superconductivity was predicted [1]

  • This is known as ‘quark-hadron’ continuity [2]. It is based on the matching of elementary excitations and existing global symmetries in both the matter. This conjecture can be applied to the case of neutron stars, since color superconductivity may exist at the core of neutron stars [3] and the density decreases from the core to the crust

  • Neutron stars may realize a continuity between two superfluids; one is in hadronic phase and the other is in the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase [4, 5]

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Summary

Introduction

QCD becomes asymptotically free where the existence color superconductivity was predicted [1]. S U(3)l × S U(3)r chiral symmetry to the diagonal subgroup S U(3)f It was conjectured from the symmetry structure that there exists no phase transition while reducing densities (hadronic phase). This is known as ‘quark-hadron’ continuity [2]. It is based on the matching of elementary excitations (mainly Nambu-Goldstone modes) and existing global symmetries in both the matter. This conjecture can be applied to the case of neutron stars, since color superconductivity may exist at the core of neutron stars [3] and the density decreases from the core to the crust. We reach a conclusion [7] that smooth connection of vortices from both the phases are possible if there is a formation of a junction (boojum) [8, 9] of three hadronic vortices in the hyperon matter with three non-Abelian (NA) vortices in the CFL phase

Vortices in hadronic and CFL phases
Existence of boojum
Conclusion
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