Abstract
The present chapter aims to provide a review on the relevance of quark degrees of freedom in the description of the nucleon-nucleon and, in general, of the baryon-baryon interaction. After an historical introduction, the second section of the chapter will be dedicated to the first attempts to describe the short-range part of the NN potential in the so-called quark potential models. Here the importance of the symmetries of the 6-quark system will be emphasized. Then, we will discuss the concept of the constituent quark mass as originated by the breakdown of the chiral symmetry, in line with the articles of ~\citep{MANOHAR1984189} and the Instanton Liquid Model of ~\citep{Diakonov:2002fq}, and its consequences on the quark-quark interaction due to the presence of the Goldstone boson exchanges. Once the full quark-quark interaction is established, the description of the bound states (deuteron), the scattering states of the NN system and nuclear matter in constituent quark models will be addressed. In this part a discussion of the influence of $N\Delta$, $\Delta\Delta$ or $NN^*$ components will be included. The rest of the chapter will be devoted to the extension of the model to other baryon-baryon system, namely the triton, hyperon-hyperon and nucleon-antinucleon systems, and references to other possible descriptions of the NN interaction in terms of quark degrees of freedom ( bag models). The chapter will end with a conclusion remarks where the success and limitations of the model described above will be summarized.
Highlights
Reviewed by: Roelof Bijker, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico Artur Polls, University of Barcelona, Spain
The present paper aims to provide a review of the relevance of quark degrees of freedom in the description of the nucleon-nucleon and, in general, of the baryon-baryon interaction
From the end of the twentieth century, the progress in the description of the nucleon-nucleon interaction based on quark degrees of freedom slowed down, and this was mainly due to the appearance of the effective field theories applied to the nucleonnucleon interaction
Summary
Upon the discovery of the compound nature of the nucleon it was suspected that the quark degrees of freedom had to be responsible for the properties of nucleon-nucleon interaction, at least of their short-range parts. The difference between the two approaches is that the last one allowed for the study of the influence of the quark antisymmetrization on the one-pion exchange potential, which seems to be relevant in certain cases [23] These methods succeeded to describe the NN and NY phase shift or the properties of the deuteron, its phenomenological nature leaves too many free parameters unconstrained by the theory, and the interplay between mesonic and quark degrees of freedom is worked out in a rather inconsistent way. From the end of the twentieth century, the progress in the description of the nucleon-nucleon interaction based on quark degrees of freedom slowed down, and this was mainly due to the appearance of the effective field theories applied to the nucleonnucleon interaction These theories are based on the Weinberg idea [27] that one has to write down the most general Lagrangian consistent with the symmetries of QCD, the (spontaneously broken) chiral symmetry. This fact has produced a revival of the previous hyperon-nucleon calculations, extending the field to charmed and bottom baryon-nucleon interaction [33, 34]
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