Abstract
We experimentally study a circuit quantum acoustodynamics system with a superconducting artificial atom coupled to both a two-dimensional surface acoustic wave resonator and a one-dimensional microwave transmission line. The strong coupling between the artificial atom and the acoustic wave resonator is confirmed by the observation of the vacuum Rabi splitting at the base temperature of dilution refrigerator. We show that the propagation of microwave photons in the microwave transmission line can be controlled by a few phonons in the acoustic wave resonator. Furthermore, we demonstrate the temperature effect on the measurements of the Rabi splitting and temperature induced transitions from high excited dressed states. We find that the spectrum structure of two-peak for the Rabi splitting could become into those of several peaks under some special experimental conditions, and gradually disappears with the increase of the environmental temperature T. The continuous quantum-to-classical crossover is observed around the crossover temperature T c, which is determined via the thermal fluctuation energy k B T and the characteristic energy level spacing of the coupled system. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical simulations via the master equation of the coupled system at different effective temperatures.
Highlights
The surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are electromechanical vibration waves, which are usually produced and detected by interdigital transducers (IDTs) [1,2,3], and propagate along the surface of piezoelectric material
We experimentally study a circuit quantum acoustodynamics system, which consists of a superconducting artificial atom, coupled to both a two-dimensional surface acoustic wave resonator and a one-dimensional microwave transmission line
Note that the coupling between the SAW resonator and the qubit is usually characterized in two ways. (i) When the qubit and the SAW resonator are in the regime of large detuning, the coupling is measured by the acoustic Stark shift of the qubit frequency or the dispersive shift of the SAW resonator frequency induced by the qubit. (ii) When the qubit resonantly interacts with the SAW resonator, the coupling strength can be found by measurement of the anticrossing
Summary
The surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are electromechanical vibration waves, which are usually produced and detected by interdigital transducers (IDTs) [1,2,3], and propagate along the surface of piezoelectric material It has 105 times reduction in the propagation speed compared to electromagnetic signals (typically 3000 m/s for SAW in solid in contrast to 3.0 × 108 m/s for electromagnetic wave), or say, it has 105 times shorter wavelengths for the same frequencies of electromagnetic signals. A wide variety of acoustic devices, e.g., delay lines, bandpass filters, micro-resonators, matched filters, and sensors [6,7,8], have been developed and are extensively used in electronic systems. SAW resonators, which are micro-electromechanical devices, are widespread in the telecommunication and sensor industries.
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