Quantum thermal machines with single nonequilibrium environments

Abstract

We propose a scheme for a quantum thermal machine made by atoms interacting with a single nonequilibrium electromagnetic field. The field is produced by a simple configuration of macroscopic objects held at thermal equilibrium at different temperatures. We show that these machines can deliver all thermodynamic tasks (cooling, heating, and population inversion) by establishing quantum coherence with the body on which they act. Remarkably, this system allows these machines to reach efficiencies at maximum power very close to the Carnot limit, which is much more than in existing models. Our findings offer a paradigm for efficient quantum energy flux management, and can be relevant for both experimental and technological purposes.