Quantum theory of the micromaser with ultracold three-level atoms interactingwith a bimodal cavity field: spatial variation along the cavity axis

Abstract

The analytical form of the emission probability produced by the interaction of anultracold three-level atom with an electromagnetic bimodal cavity field withmulti-photon transitions of the atoms (multi-photon mazer) is analysed inthe framework of the dressed-state formalism, but is distinguished fromother treatments by the inclusion of the spatial variation along the cavityaxis. In particular, the cavity field mode profile is considered by usingthe mesa-mode function and differences in the collapse–revival patternsare reported. We demonstrate that, when propagation effects are takeninto consideration, the emission probability is influenced significantly. Weprovide the necessary arguments to justify the validity of our conclusions foremission probability and the micromaser, whose dynamics are governed bythe wavefunction. Our main conclusion is that, in the present system,the inclusion of the spatial dependence is necessary and important. Thenumerical illustrations provide evidence that, in cases of physical interest, theemission probability can be significant and can be reliably estimated fora broad range of field parameters using the present formalism.