Abstract
Quantum science and quantum technology have become significant areas that have the potential to bring up revolutions in various branches or applications including aeronautics and astronautics, military and defense, meteorology, brain science, healthcare, advanced manufacturing, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, etc. In this study, we present the advances and trends of quantum technology. Specifically, the advances and trends cover quantum computers and Quantum Processing Units (QPUs), quantum computation and quantum machine learning, quantum network, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), quantum teleportation and quantum satellites, quantum measurement and quantum sensing, and post-quantum blockchain and quantum blockchain. Some challenges are also introduced.
Highlights
The Tokyo Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) metropolitan area network was established in Japan in 2015 through intercontinental cooperation
A 650 km QKD network was established between Washington and Ohio in the USA in 2016; a plan of a 10000 km QKD backbone network was launched in the country
A quantum metropolitan area network was estAablished in the UK in 2016 and a practical national network for QKD and an international QKD network was planned
Summary
The Tokyo QKD metropolitan area network was established in Japan in 2015 through intercontinental cooperation. A 650 km QKD network was established between Washington and Ohio in the USA in 2016; a plan of a 10000 km QKD backbone network was launched in the country. A quantum metropolitan area network was estAablished in the UK in 2016 and a practical national network for QKD and an international QKD network was planned. The Phase I network with a total length of about 256 kilometers was established in South Korea in 2016. A growing requirement of online applications in healthcare and financial areas highlights worries about information sharing and privacy. Quantum technology has the potential to handle the privacy worries or concerns using quantum cryptographic methods such as super dense coding, quantum seals and QKD, which help protect information during the information transmission. Progress in quantum computing has offered some techniques of obscuring stored information and the computation that is executed throughout a transaction (Humble, 2018)
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