Abstract
The theory is given for the decay from a metastable liquid by a quantum mechanism involving the relaxation and high frequency properties of a medium. It is our purpose to estimate the effect of relaxation time on the quantum decay rate. The theory predicts a strong dependence of nucleation regime, rate and thermal-quantum crossover temperature on both the relaxation time and the ratio of the high frequency sound velocity to the low frequency one. The shorter the relaxation time, the smaller the quantum decay rate and thermal-quantum crossover temperature. The decay rate can display a minimum in the region of the thermal-quantum crossover. The recent experiments on cavitation in normal3 He and superfluid4 He at negative pressures are discussed. The distinction in the properties of high frequency sound mode near the spinodal and in the temperature behavior of relaxation time results in a different picture of quantum cavitation in 3He and 4He.
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