Abstract
Static and dynamical properties of a hole in a class of quantum spin-liquid (QSL) states, which are described by the t-J model on a square lattice, are studied. Introducing a new type of phase factor for the singlet bonds and estimating the energy from the first few moments of the spectral function of a hole, we find that there is a typical QSL state in which the magnetic moment around the hole becomes large. This state is stabilized when the kinetic energy dominates. The relation between the phase factors and the Marshall's sign rule, and the chirality around the hole are also discussed.
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