Abstract
We report on the observation of many-body spin dynamics of interacting, one-dimensional (1D) ultracold bosonic gases with two spin states. By controlling the nonlinear atomic interactions close to a Feshbach resonance we are able to induce a phase diffusive many-body spin dynamics of the relative phase between the two components. We monitor this dynamical evolution by Ramsey interferometry, supplemented by a novel, many-body echo technique, which unveils the role of quantum fluctuations in 1D. We find that the time evolution of the system is well described by a Luttinger liquid initially prepared in a multimode squeezed state. Our approach allows us to probe the nonequilibrium evolution of one-dimensional many-body quantum systems.
Highlights
We report on the observation of many-body spin dynamics of interacting, one-dimensional (1D) ultracold bosonic gases with two spin states
We find that the time evolution of the system is well described by a Luttinger liquid initially prepared in a multimode squeezed state
When applied to a single spatial mode BoseEinstein condensates (BEC), this spin echo would lead to full revivals of coherence, which are not observed in our experiment
Summary
By controlling the non-linear atomic interactions close to a Feshbach resonance we are able to induce a phase diffusive many-body spin dynamics of the relative phase between the two components. For a two-component interacting BEC, it has been shown [2, 3] using a single-mode approximation (SMA) that the relative phase between the two components undergoes a complicated evolution (Fig. 1,c-e), creating quantum correlations [4] while single-particle coherence is suppressed.
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