Abstract

We investigate the nonequilibrium spatial phase segregation process of a mixture of alkali Bose–Einstein condensates. A rich variety of behavior is observed as the system parameters and compositions are changed. For compositions close to 1:1 there is a quantum spinodal decomposition with a metastable periodic density fluctuation, consistent with recent experimental results and calculations. We show that the metastability of this fluctuation depends on the relative composition of the mixture, as is suggested by recent exact solutions for this system. At extended times the density evolves into a complex pattern with domains that can oscillate, interfere, merge by period halving or by the growth of a dominant domain and reappear, or split into two (bifurcate). On top of this is a gradual separation of the densities of the two components.

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