Abstract
The coupling of ultracold fermions to a high-finesse optical cavity can result in novel many-body phenomena, and has attracted significant interests at present. Here we consider a realization of the Fermi-Dicke model with controllable parameters, based on a two-dimensional polarized degenerate Fermi gas coupled to an optical cavity. We analytically investigate the ground-state properties of such system under the mean-field approximation. We find the system can exhibit a rich phase diagram depending on the fermion-photon coupling strength and the atomic resonant frequency. Contrasting to the bosonic counterpart, a first-order quantum phase transition between the superradiant phase and the normal phase featuring two Fermi surfaces can occur for the weak atomic resonant frequency, and there is a unique mixed phase where this normal phase and the superradiant phase coexist. The experimental detection of our results is also discussed.
Highlights
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems, which remarkably illuminate the fundamental interaction between light and matter, have emerged as a novel platform to explore the many-body physics, and promise potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum computing
Our setup relies on two Raman transitions induced by the quantized cavity field and two transverse pumping lasers, and allows for flexible controllability of the Hamiltonian parameters, including the fermion-photon coupling strength and the effective Zeeman field represented by the atomic resonant frequency
The predicted N-II-SR mixed phase only exists near the center of the trap and the corresponding density profile has a jump discontinuity, which provides an experimentally observable signature
Summary
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems, which remarkably illuminate the fundamental interaction between light and matter, have emerged as a novel platform to explore the many-body physics, and promise potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum computing. Our setup relies on two Raman transitions induced by the quantized cavity field and two transverse pumping lasers, and allows for flexible controllability of the Hamiltonian parameters, including the fermion-photon coupling strength and the effective Zeeman field represented by the atomic resonant frequency. Based on this microscopic model, we study the ground state under the mean-field approximation and find several distinct properties compared to its bosonic counterpart .
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