Abstract
In the quantum theory of measurement, the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) is an important concept, and its implementation can be useful. Following a brief review of the mathematics of POVMs in quantum theory, a particular implementation of a POVM for use in the measurement of nonorthogonal photon polarization states is reviewed. The two-dimensional Hilbert space of the POVM implementation can be embedded in the three-dimensional Hilbert space of an ordinary projective-valued measure. Also, analytical expressions can be obtained for the maximum Renyi information loss from the device to a disturbing probe.
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