Abstract
Cryptography is being introduced to secure data. Through Classical Cryptographic technique, we can encrypt our data and secure secret key also. But classical cryptography is based on mathematical techniques where reversing one-way function is possible with sufficient computing power and time. So, Quantum Cryptography is introduced to overcome those drawbacks of traditional classical cryptography. It is based on the values of quantum mechanics and photon. Scientists and researchers have brought up a new key distribution protocol based on Quantum Cryptography is called Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Protocol. The first QKD protocol BB84 was introduced by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984. After that several QKD protocols have been created. In this paper we have improved BB84 Protocol by removing the drawbacks of the existing algorithm towards Eavesdropping which may not be detected or disclosing large portion of secret key. Steps of the existing BB84 algorithm along with the modified one is described in detail with example and pseudo code. Limitations of BB84 and comparative study of both the existing and the improved one based on their security has been made and described in this current work.
Highlights
This paper is structured in the following manner: This section presents a brief idea about Classical and Quantum Cryptography
This protocol is the most basic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol of quantum cryptography and it can be implemented with basic setup available in the market
Most of all the QKD protocols are based on this protocol and much research and implementation has been done on this protocol
Summary
Internet has become a means of communication globally. Day by day amount of data transferred through internet is increasing. The three pillars of cryptography are Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability (CIA) [1]
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