Abstract
We present the first demonstration of quantum key distribution (QKD) on a multi-user wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) with simultaneous, bidirectional 10Gb/s classical channel transmission. The C-Band QKD system operates at a clock rate of 10GHz and employs differential phase shift keying (DPSK). A dual feeder fiber and band filtering scheme is used to suppress classical to quantum channel cross-talk generated by spontaneous Raman scattering, which would otherwise prevent secure key distribution. Quantum keys were distributed to 4 users with negligible Raman cross-talk penalties. The mean QBER value for 4 users was 3.5% with a mean raw key distribution rate of 1.3Mb/s, which decreased to 696kb/s after temporal windowing to reduce inter-symbol interference due to single photon detector timing jitter.
Highlights
Quantum cryptography, or quantum key distribution (QKD), offers the potential for secure cryptographic key distribution with secrecy guaranteed by quantum mechanics [1]
In this paper we focus on one leading topology, which is known as the wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON)
The forward-scattered Raman from the US in the drop fiber becomes the dominant contribution (described by the first term in Eq (4). This leads to a substantial reduction in total Raman count to a maximum of 2% of the expected QKD count rate, which should result in a small quantum bit error rates (QBERs) penalty of ~1%
Summary
Quantum key distribution (QKD), offers the potential for secure cryptographic key distribution with secrecy guaranteed by quantum mechanics [1]. A number of solutions that enable the interworking of QKD with C-band (1530nm-1565nm) Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed (DWDM) point-to-point systems have been demonstrated to date These include placement of the QKD channel in the O-Band region around 1300nm [17], which is outside of the Raman spectrum generated by C-band classical channels, and the use of non-standard, or additional, narrowband filters with a high out-of-band blocking ratio to reduce Raman cross-talk for QKD channels located in the C-band [16,17,18,19]. The scheme has enabled the first demonstration of QKD on a high speed (10Gb/s) WDM-PON
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