Abstract
We theoretically investigate quantum interference effects in mesoscopic loop interferometers. In the absence of an Aharonov-Bohm flux, the asymmetry of the arm length of the interferometer can induce a magnetic polarization current circulating along the interferometer loop. We clarify the existing regions of magnetic polarization current in terms of the dimensionless wavevector and a parameter for the asymmetric arm lengths. The magnetic polarization current is found to have a periodic diamond structure that can be characterized by magnetic and non-magnetic diamond zones. The applied magnetic flux develops a concave diamond-shaped non-magnetic region inside the magnetic diamond zones. When the magnetic flux varies across ϕ = (2n+1)π/2, with n being an integer, the magnetic diamond zone becomes a non-magnetic diamond zone and vice versa. In addition, the unique behaviors of the transport current flowing through the interferometer are discussed in association with the magnetic polarization current circulating along the interferometer loop. Finally, the magnetic moments induced at a finite bias are shown to be sufficiently large to be observed experimentally.
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