Quantum Game—Research on “PQ” Problem

Abstract

This paper reviews the coin flipping problem of PQ in a classical two-player game, and shows that when one player adopts quantum strategy, he can beat his classical opponent and gain higher returns. By means of quantitative means, the whole PQ problem is put in a more general and fair condition, and it is generalized and studied again from many aspects and angles. Finally, we get some more essential and important conclusions, and through some examples to explain the conclusions and its practical significances. At the same time, this paper gives the definitions of imperfect fair games and perfect fair games, revises the quantum coin flipping game to make the game fair, and studies a multi-round version of quantum coin flipping. Some basic conclusions of fair quantum game are obtained, and the meaning of perfectly fair game is explained in practice.